Tag: carbon dioxide

[def from Wikipedia.]  Carbon dioxide (chemical formula CO2) is a colorless and odorless gas that is vital to life on Earth. This naturally occurring chemical compound is made up of a carbon atom covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms. Carbon dioxide exists in Earth’s atmosphere as a trace gas at a concentration of about 0.04 percent (400 ppm) by volume.[3] Natural sources include volcanoes, hot springs and geysers, and it is freed from carbonate rocks by dissolution in water and acids. Because carbon dioxide is soluble in water, it occurs naturally in groundwater, rivers and lakes, in ice caps and glaciers and also in seawater. It is present in deposits of petroleum and natural gas.

[added comments] While carbon dioxide is a “greenhouse” gas and it does absorb energy in some infrared wavelength bands, many scientists will argue that its affect on average global temperatures have been considerably exaggerated by the proponents of catastrophic anthropogenic global warming.  In order to derive effects extreme enough to be considered catastrophic, they have had to rely on strong positive feedback resulting in much larger effects than CO2 could produce without any feedbacks.  Many prestigious scientists disagree with that and some even suspect the feedback is not only much less than estimated, but may even be negative.

One must always consider that contrary to that which is frequently stated by climate activists/alarmists, the debate is never over in science.

What has happened to the National Academy of Sciences  – Part Two

Robert W. Endlich
INTRODUCTION
Check the Data. (Image by Pixabay)

In Part One, I described when, over a fifteen or so year period of my work assignments, I needed current knowledge of the toxicity of chemicals used in military applications. From 1976-1979, the chemicals were Unsymmetrical Dimethyl Hydrazine, and Nitrogen Tetroxide, propellants for the Air Force Titan 2 Missile. Then, 1984-1994, the chemicals were Fluorine, Nitrogen Trifluoride, and Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) [actually its deuterated fluoride isotope cousin (DF)] for the Navy’s MIRACL laser at White Sands Missile Range (WSMR).  In those days my colleagues and I respected and trusted the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Toxicology, and by inference the National Academy itself.  For me, that period in my work history ended in 1994.

DOUBTING ALLEGED CO2 CLIMATE EFFECT

My beginning of doubt into significant “human-caused, CO2-Fueled Global Warming” arose after James Hansen’s 23 Jun 1988 testimony to the Senate, Continue reading “What has happened to the National Academy of Sciences  – Part Two”

What has happened to the National Academy of Sciences – Part One

Robert W. Endlich

Part One: Operational Experience . . . When We Used NAS’s Data

INTRODUCTION

My work experience serves as a useful prelude to writing this post. I was a Weather Officer in the Air Force for 21 years, and soon after retiring from the Air Force, I became a Meteorologist working for the Army Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory, ASL, where my previous Air Force experience helped the mission at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico.

Image Provided by Pixabay

One of my Air Force assignments was commander of the Weather Detachment at Davis-Monthan AFB, AZ, sometimes simply DM, on the southeast side of Tucson. I was assigned to Davis-Monthan from Sep 1976-Jul 1979, at the height of the Cold War. Though DM was a Tactical Air Command, TAC, Base, a major “tenant” organization there was a Strategic Air Command (SAC) unit, the 390th Strategic Missile Wing, equipped with 18 Titan 2 Inter-Continental Ballistic Continue reading “What has happened to the National Academy of Sciences – Part One”

Proof that Carbon Dioxide Does Not Control Earth’s Temperature

nor do human emissions of CO2 from today’s burning of hydrocarbon fuels cause significant temperature increases. 

Robert W. Endlich

Notes:
1. When a chemical compound is in brackets, e.g., “<CO2> PPM,” understand this as “atmospheric concentration of CO2 in Parts per Million.”
2.  Most Time Series are plotted with increasing time left to right, but sometimes they are plotted time increasing right to left.

INTRODUCTION

There are numerous claims by many Global Warming Adherents, Alarmists, and the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that burning

Courtesy of Pixabay

fossil fuels and subsequent increases of <CO2> is driving warmer temperatures because of an alleged CO2 Radiative Forcing effect. However, when compared with past Earth Temperatures, the data graphics below show that present levels of CO2 are not influencing Earth temperatures to any measurable effect, nor are human emissions of CO2 causing any significant rise in temperatures.

Most of the data quoted by the IPCC is from the period of time subsequent to “The Great Climate Shift of 1976.” Continue reading “Proof that Carbon Dioxide Does Not Control Earth’s Temperature”

Comment on: “Critical Review of Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on the U.S. Climate”

Robert W. Endlich

[This is the author’s review of the Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on the US Climate, which he submitted to Regulations.gov in the necessary format.  Also, this is his post corresponding to his August 2025 Forum presentation.  Ed.]

INTRODUCTION

Carbon Dioxide molecule.  Image by Pixabay.

I received a Bachelor’s in Geology, Rutgers, 1962, Basic Meteorology certificate from Texas A&M, 1964, and an MS in Meteorology at The Pennsylvania State University, 1969. I served as a Weather Officer in the US Air Force for 21 years, 1963-1984, including overseas tours on Guam, in Thailand and Viet Nam, and in Germany, during the Cold War. In 1964, I was elected to Chi Epsilon Pi, the National Meteorology Honor Society, while an Air Force Basic Meteorology student at Texas A&M University. I worked as a Meteorologist for 49 years: 21 in the Air Force, 18 in the U.S. Army Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory, White Sands Missile Range, NM, and 10 in the Physical Science Laboratory Continue reading “Comment on: “Critical Review of Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on the U.S. Climate””

Analysis of the January 2025 Los Angeles’ Wild Fires

. . . and claims they were “human-caused by <CO2-fueled> climate change.”

 Robert W. Endlich

 INTRODUCTION

This analysis examines the causes behind the catastrophic January 2025 fires in Los Angeles by exploring both environmental triggers and human failures that contributed to the disaster.  There are two main parts to this analysis, which are described below.

Image by Pixabay

Section A provides an analysis of the extant climate today, and the weather and fire events which unfolded in Los Angeles during the early days of January 2025.

The first of several catastrophic fires began and continued during an extremely powerful (and well-forecast) Santa Ana Wind event.

The analysis here reveals a diagnostic pattern for these types of fires found in the sea surface temperature time series in the Nino 3.4 Region along the Continue reading “Analysis of the January 2025 Los Angeles’ Wild Fires”